RabbitMQ常用的三种Exchange Type:fanout、direct、topic。
- fanout:把所有发送到该Exchange的消息投递到所有与它绑定的队列中。
- direct:把消息投递到那些binding key与routing key完全匹配的队列中。
- topic:将消息路由到binding key与routing key模式匹配的队列中。
这里基于springboot整合 消息队列 ,测试这三种Exchange。
- 启动RabbitMQ
双击运行rabbitmq-server.bat
- SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ——Direct模式(默认模式)
创建springboot web项目——发送者 springboot-sender
追加测试和rabbitmq所需的依赖
<!-- 添加springboot对amqp的支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--添加测试包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.0.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
修改配置文件 application.yml 或 application.properties:
server:
port: 7001
spring:
application:
name: spirngboot-sender
rabbitmq:
host: 127.0.0.1
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest
发送的信息可以是 基本数据类型 也可以是 对象 ,这里创建一个用户对象
public class User implements Serializable{
private String username;
private String password;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
创建一个配置类: SenderConfiguration.java
一个名为 queue1 的 队列
@Configuration
public class SenderConfiguration {
@Bean
public Queue directQueue() {
return new Queue("queue1");
}
}
创建一个发送信息类: SenderService.java
发送 user 对象给 queue1 队列
@Component
public class SenderService {
@Autowired
private AmqpTemplate template;
public void sendUser() {
User user=new User();
user.setUsername("张三");
user.setPassword("123456");
template.convertAndSend("queue1",user);
}
}
创建一个测试类: TestRabbitMQ.java
@SpringBootTest(classes=SpringbootSenderApplication.class)
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class TestRabbitMQ {
@Autowired
private SenderService senderService;
@Test
public void testRabbit() {
senderService.sendUser();
}
}
运行 testRabbit 方法:
创建springboot web项目——接收者 springboot-receiver
修改配置文件 application.yml 或 application.properties:
server:
port: 7002
spring:
application:
name: spirngboot-receiver
rabbitmq:
host: 127.0.0.1
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest
添加接收类: ReceiverService.java
@Component
public class ReceiverService {
@RabbitListener(queues="queue1")
public void receiveUser(User user) {
System.out.println("username:"+user.getUsername()+" password:"+user.getPassword());
}
}
运行启动类:SpringbootApplication.java,结果:
信息成功被接收。
SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ——Topic模式(模糊匹配)
步骤与Direct差不多。
发送者:
修改配置类SenderConfiguration.java:
创建两个队列 topic1,topic2,创建一个topic交换器,绑定交换机和队列以及绑定规则
@Test
public void testRabbit() {
senderService.sendUser();
}@Bean(name="topic1")
public Queue topicQueue1() {
return new Queue("topic1");
}
@Bean(name="topic2")
public Queue topicQueue2() {
return new Queue("topic2");
}
@Bean
public TopicExchange exchange() {
//创建一个topic交换器
return new TopicExchange("topicExchange");
}
@Bean
Binding bindingExchangeTopic1(@Qualifier("topic1") Queue queueMessage, TopicExchange exchange) {
//设置topic1绑定规则
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueMessage).to(exchange).with("topic.queue");
}
@Bean
Binding bindingExchangeTopic2(@Qualifier("topic2") Queue queueMessages, TopicExchange exchange) {
//设置topic2绑定规则 *表示一个词,#表示零个或多个词
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueMessages).to(exchange).with("topic.#");
}
修改发送类 SenderService.java :
User user=new User();
user.setUsername("张三");
user.setPassword("123456");
//发送给topicExchange的交换机
template.convertAndSend("topicExchange","topic.queue",user);
template.convertAndSend("topicExchange","topic.anyting",user);
运行 testRabbit 方法:
成功广播出去两条信息
接收者:
修改接收类 ReceiverService.java :
@RabbitListener(queues="fanout1")
public void receiveFanout1(User user) {
System.out.println("队列:fanout1 username:"+user.getUsername()+" password:"+user.getPassword());
}
@RabbitListener(queues="fanout2")
public void receiveFanout2(User user) {
System.out.println("队列:fanout2 username:"+user.getUsername()+" password:"+user.getPassword());
}
运行启动类,结果:
消息成功被发送接收
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