文章目录
- 演示GIF
- 一、Shiro简介
-
- 1.什么是Shiro
- 2.有哪些功能
- 3.Shiro架构(外部)
- 4.Shiro架构(内部)
- 二、快速实践
-
- 项目搭建
- 1.数据库
- 2.实体类
- 3.mapper接口
- 4.mapper.xml
- 5.Service接口
- 6.ServiceImpl实现类
- 7.controller
- 8.config配置
-
- 1.ShiroConfig
- 2.UserRealm
- 三、前端
-
- 1.templates文件
-
- 1.index.html
- 2.login.html
- 3.user文件
-
- 1.add.html
- 2.update.html
- 四、pom文件
演示GIF
一、Shiro简介
1.什么是Shiro
- .ApacheShiro 是一个Java的安全(权限)框架。
- .Shiro可以非常容易的开发出足够好的应用,其不仅可以用在JavaSE环境,也可以用在JavaEE环境。
- .Shiro可以完成,认证,授权,加密,会话管理,Web集成,缓存等。
- 下载地址: http://shiro.apache.org/
2.有哪些功能
- Authentication:身份认证、登录,验证用户是不是拥有相应的身份;.
- Authorization:授权,即权限验证,验证某个已认证的用户是否拥有某个权限,即判断用户能否进行什么操,作,如:验证某个用户是否拥有某个角色,或者细粒度的验证某个用户对某个资源是否具有某个权限!.
- Session Manager:会话管理,即用户登录后就是第一次会话,在没有退出之前,它的所有信息都在会话中;会话可以是普通的JavaSE环境,也可以是Web环境;
- Cryptography:加密,保护数据的安全性,如密码加密存储到数据库中,而不是明文存储;
- .Web Support: Web支持,可以非常容易的集成到Web环境;
- Caching:缓存,比如用户登录后,其用户信息,拥有的角色、权限不必每次去查,这样可以提高效率
- Concurrency: Shiro支持多线程应用的并发验证,即,如在一个线程中开启另一个线程,能把权限自动的传播过去
- Testing:提供测试支持;
- Run As:允许一个用户假装为另一个用户(如果他们允许)的身份进行访问;
- Remember Me:记住我,这个是非常常见的功能,即一次登录后,下次再来的话不用登录了
3.Shiro架构(外部)
从外部来看Shiro,即从应用程序角度来观察如何使用shiro完成工作:
- subject: I应用代码直接交互的对象是Subject,也就是说Shiro的对外API核心就是Subject, Subject代表了当前的用户,这个用户不一定是一个具体的人,与当前应用交互的任何东西都是Subject,如网络爬虫,机器人等,与Subject的所有交互都会委托给SecurityManager; Subject其实是一个门面, SecurityManageer才是实际的执行者
- SecurityManager:安全管理器,即所有与安全有关的操作都会与SercurityManager交互,并且它管理着所有的Subject,可以看出它是Shiro的核心,它负责与Shiro的其他组件进行交互,它相当于SpringMVC的DispatcherServlet的角色
- Realm: ShiroARealm获取安全数据(如用户,角色,权限) ,就是说SecurityManager要验证用户身份,那么它需要从Realm获取相应的用户进行比较,来确定用户的身份是否合法;也需要从Realm得到用户相应的角色、权限,进行验证用户的操作是否能够进行,可以把Realm看成DataSource;
4.Shiro架构(内部)
- Subject:任何可以与应用交互的’用户’;
- Security Manager:相当于SpringMVC中的DispatcherServlet;是Shiro的心脏,所有具体的交互都通过Security Manager进行控制,它管理者所有的Subject,且负责进行认证,授权,会话,及缓存的管理。
- Authenticator:负责Subject认证,是一个扩展点,可以自定义实现;可以使用认证策略(AuthenticationStrategy) ,即什么情况下算用户认证通过了;
- Authorizer:授权器,即访问控制器,用来决定主体是否有权限进行相应的操作;即控制着用户能访问应用中的那些功能;
- Realm:可以有一个或者多个的realm,可以认为是安全实体数据源,即用于获取安全实体的,可以用JDBC实现,也可以是内存实现等等,由用户提供;所以一般在应用中都需要实现自己的realm
- SessionManager:管理Session生命周期的组件,而Shiro并不仅仅可以用在Web环境,也可以用在普通的JavaSE环境中
- CacheManager:缓存控制器,来管理如用户,角色,权限等缓存的;因为这些数据基本上很少改变,放到缓存中后可以提高访问的性能;
- Cryptography:密码模块, Shiro提高了一些常见的加密组件用于密码加密,解密等
查看官网文档: http://shiro.apache.org/tutorial.html
官方的quickstart: https://github.com/apache/shiro/tree/master/samples/quickstart/
1.创建一个maven父工程,用于学习Shiro,删掉不必要的东西
2.创建一个普通的Maven子工程: shiro-01-helloworld
3.根据官方文档,我们来导入Shiro的依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
<version>1.9.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Shiro uses SLF4J for logging. We'll use the 'simple' binding
in this example app. See http://www.slf4j.org for more info. -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
<version>1.7.21</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
<version>1.7.21</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
二、快速实践
项目搭建
1.数据库
CREATE TABLE `t_user` (
`id` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
`usercode` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`userpwd` varchar(30) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`nikename` varchar(10) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`perms` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
2.实体类
package com.syj.springbootshiro.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
private String id;
private String usercode;
private String userpwd;
private String perms;
}
3.mapper接口
package com.syj.springbootshiro.mapper;
import com.syj.springbootshiro.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
public User queryUserByName(String usercode);
}
4.mapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.syj.springbootshiro.mapper.UserMapper">
<select id="queryUserByName" parameterType="String" resultType="User">
select * from t_user where usercode = #{usercode}
</select>
</mapper>
5.Service接口
package com.syj.springbootshiro.service;
import com.syj.springbootshiro.pojo.User;
public interface UserService {
public User queryUserByName(String usercode);
}
6.ServiceImpl实现类
package com.syj.springbootshiro.service.impl;
import com.syj.springbootshiro.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.syj.springbootshiro.pojo.User;
import com.syj.springbootshiro.service.UserService;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
UserMapper userMapper;
@Override
public User queryUserByName(String usercode) {
return userMapper.queryUserByName(usercode);
}
}
7.controller
package com.syj.springbootshiro.controller;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class MyController {
@RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
public String toIndex(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","hello,shiro");
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping("/user/add")
public String add (){
return "/user/add";
}
@RequestMapping("/user/update")
public String update (){
return "/user/update";
}
@RequestMapping("/toLogin")
public String toLogin (){
return "/login";
}
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login (String usercode,String userpwd,Model model) {
//获取当前用户
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
//封装用户的登录数据
UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(usercode, userpwd);
try {
subject.login(token);//执行登录方法,如果没有异常就登录ok
return "index";
} catch (UnknownAccountException e) {//用户名不存在
model.addAttribute("msg", "用户名错误");
return "login";
} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e) {//密码不存在
model.addAttribute("msg", "密码错误");
return "login";
}
}
@RequestMapping("/noauth")
@ResponseBody
public String Unauthorized(){
return "未经授权无法访问此页面";
}
}
8.config配置
1.ShiroConfig
package com.syj.springbootshiro.config;
import at.pollux.thymeleaf.shiro.dialect.ShiroDialect;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ShiroFilter;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
//ShiroFilterFactoryBean:3
@Bean
public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){
ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
// 设置安全管理器
bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);
//添加Shiro内置过滤器
/*
* onon:无需认证就可以访问
* authc:必须认证了才能访问
* user:必须拥有 记住我 功能才能用
* peram:拥有对某个资源的权限才能访问
* role:拥有某个角色权限才能访问
* */
//登录拦截
Map<String, String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
//授权
filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");
filterMap.put("/user/update","perms[user:update]");
//方式一
//filterMap.put("/user/add","authc");
//filterMap.put("/user/update","authc");
//方式二 通配符
filterMap.put("/user/*","authc");
bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
//设置登录的请求
bean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
//未授权页面
bean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/noauth");
return bean;
}
// DefaultWebSecurityManager:2
@Bean(name = "securityManager")
public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm){
DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
// 关联UserRealm
securityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
return securityManager;
}
//创建 realm 对象,需要自定义类:1
@Bean
public UserRealm userRealm(){
return new UserRealm();
}
//整合ShiroDialect 用来整合Shiro thymeleaf
@Bean
public ShiroDialect getShiroDialect(){
return new ShiroDialect();
}
}
2.UserRealm
package com.syj.springbootshiro.config;
import com.syj.springbootshiro.pojo.User;
import com.syj.springbootshiro.service.UserService;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
//授权
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
System.out.println("=====》执行授权AuthorizationInfo");
SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
info.addStringPermission("user:add");
//拿到这个登录的对象
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
User currentUser = (User) subject.getPrincipal();//拿到User对象
//设置当前用户的权限
info.addStringPermission(currentUser.getPerms());
return info;
}
//认证
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
System.out.println("=====》执行认证AuthenticationInfo");
// 模拟测试数据
//用户名,密码 数据中取
//String name = "root";
//String password = "123456";
// if(!userToken.getUsername().equals(name)){
// return null;//抛出异常 UnknownAccountException
// }
UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) token;
//链接真实数据库
User user = userService.queryUserByName(userToken.getUsername());
if(user == null){//没有这个人
return null;
}
Subject currentSubject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
Session session = currentSubject.getSession();
session.setAttribute("loginUser",user);
//MD5颜值加密
//密码认证,shiro做
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user,user.getUserpwd(),"");
}
}
三、前端
1.templates文件
1.index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:shiro="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-shiro">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<div th:if="${session.loginUser==null}">
<a th:href="@{/toLogin}">登录</a>
</div>
<p th:text="${msg}"></p>
<div shiro:hasPermission="user:add">
<a th:href="@{/user/add}">add</a>
</div>
<div shiro:hasPermission="user:update">
<a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2.login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录</h1>
<hr>
<p th:text="${msg}" style="color:red;"></p>
<form th:action="@{/login}">
<p>用户名:<input type="text" name="usercode"></p>
<p>密码:<input type="text" name="userpwd"></p>
<p>用户名<input type="submit"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
3.user文件
1.add.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>add</h1>
</body>
</html>
2.update.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>update</h1>
</body>
</html>
四、pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.syj</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot-shiro</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springboot-shiro</name>
<description>springboot-shiro</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<spring-boot.version>2.3.7.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.theborakompanioni</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiro</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.24</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.4.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8time</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.7.RELEASE</version>
<configuration>
<mainClass>com.syj.springbootshiro.SpringbootShiroApplication</mainClass>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>repackage</id>
<goals>
<goal>repackage</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
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