实现公众号模板消息
最终效果：
需要准备工作：
- 微信公众平台：申请小程序、公众号
公众号：申请时选择服务号，模板消息接口需要微信认证后才能申请使用。 - 微信开放平台：需要认证开发者资质，绑定公众号和小程序后才会生成一致的unionId。
注： 公众号和微信开放平台认证时都需要花费300元。
实现步骤：
1. 修改基本配置
注：ip白名单配置时，需要换行不是用逗号分隔。
微信服务器会发送GET请求到填写的服务器配置的URL上，开发者通过检验signature对请求进行校验。
若确认此次GET请求来自微信服务器，请原样返回echostr参数内容，则接入生效，成为开发者成功，否则接入失败。
https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Basic_Information/Access_Overview.html
2. 服务器校验代码实现：
public static void checkSignature(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
// 1、验证消息的确来自微信服务器
String signature = request.getParameter("signature");
String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");
String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce");
String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr");
String token = WxConstants.WX_SERVER_TOKEN;
String jiami = null;
if (!UtilValidate.isEmpty(echostr) && !"".equals(echostr)){
try {
// 这里是对三个参数进行加密
jiami = SHA1.getSHA1(token, timestamp, nonce, "");
} catch (AesException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (jiami.equals(signature)) {
// 返回echostr给微信服务器
OutputStream os = null;
try {
os = response.getOutputStream();
os.write(URLEncoder.encode(echostr, "UTF-8").getBytes());
os.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (os != null) {
try {
os.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
}
package woxiang.util;
/**
* SHA1 class
*
* 计算公众平台的消息签名接口.
*/
public class SHA1 {
/**
* 用SHA1算法生成安全签名
*
* @param token
* 票据
* @param timestamp
* 时间戳
* @param nonce
* 随机字符串
* @param encrypt
* 密文
* @return 安全签名
* @throws AesException
*/
public static String getSHA1(String token, String timestamp, String nonce, String encrypt) throws AesException {
try {
String[] array = new String[] { token, timestamp, nonce, encrypt };
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
// 字符串排序
Arrays.sort(array);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
sb.append(array[i]);
}
String str = sb.toString();
// SHA1签名生成
MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
md.update(str.getBytes());
byte[] digest = md.digest();
StringBuffer hexstr = new StringBuffer();
String shaHex = "";
for (int i = 0; i < digest.length; i++) {
shaHex = Integer.toHexString(digest[i] & 0xFF);
if (shaHex.length() < 2) {
hexstr.append(0);
}
hexstr.append(shaHex);
}
return hexstr.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new AesException(AesException.ComputeSignatureError);
}
}
}
package woxiang.exception;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class AesException extends Exception {
public final static int OK = 0;
public final static int ValidateSignatureError = -40001;
public final static int ParseXmlError = -40002;
public final static int ComputeSignatureError = -40003;
public final static int IllegalAesKey = -40004;
public final static int ValidateAppidError = -40005;
public final static int EncryptAESError = -40006;
public final static int DecryptAESError = -40007;
public final static int IllegalBuffer = -40008;
// public final static int EncodeBase64Error = -40009;
// public final static int DecodeBase64Error = -40010;
// public final static int GenReturnXmlError = -40011;
private int code;
private static String getMessage(int code) {
switch (code) {
case ValidateSignatureError:
return "签名验证错误";
case ParseXmlError:
return "xml解析失败";
case ComputeSignatureError:
return "sha加密生成签名失败";
case IllegalAesKey:
return "SymmetricKey非法";
case ValidateAppidError:
return "appid校验失败";
case EncryptAESError:
return "aes加密失败";
case DecryptAESError:
return "aes解密失败";
case IllegalBuffer:
return "解密后得到的buffer非法";
// case EncodeBase64Error:
// return "base64加密错误";
// case DecodeBase64Error:
// return "base64解密错误";
// case GenReturnXmlError:
// return "xml生成失败";
default:
return null; // cannot be
}
}
public int getCode() {
return code;
}
public AesException(int code) {
super(getMessage(code));
this.code = code;
}
}
3. 公众号关注、取消关注，关注即订阅。获取公众号用户的openId
wx服务器会发送xml数据包到之前配置的服务器访问地址上，进行解析进行数据存储。
详细文档地址：https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Message_Management/Receiving_event_pushes.html
public static String processWxData(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
// 1. 服务器消息验证
checkSignature(request, response);
// 2. 处理xml数据包
String wxXml = (String)request.getAttribute("paramBody");
InputStream wxXmlInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(wxXml.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
Map<String, String> xmlMap = WXUtil.xmlToMap(wxXmlInputStream);
}
/**
* xml数据包转 Map
* @param is
* @return
*/
public static Map<String, String> xmlToMap(InputStream is) {
Map<String,String> map=new HashMap();
SAXReader reader=new SAXReader();
try {
Document document=reader.read(is);
Element root=document.getRootElement();
//root如下：org.dom4j.tree.DefaultElement@46c9c427 [Element: <xml attributes: []/>]
List<Element> elements=root.elements();
//elements中的内容包括请求道的xml数据包内容
for(Element e:elements) {
map.put(e.getName(), e.getStringValue());
}
} catch (DocumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return map;
}
4. 根据公众号openid 获取用户的unionId
// 微信公众号获取用户基本信息
String WX_PUBLIC_USERINFO = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/info";
public static String getMsgSubcribeState(String token,String openid){
String url = WxConstants.WX_PUBLIC_USERINFO + "?access_token="+token+"&openid="+openid +"&lang=zh_CN";
String unionid = null;
String result = MyHttpclientUtil.get(url);
try {
unionid = JSONObject.parseObject(result).getString("unionid");
}catch (Exception e){
unionid = null;
System.out.println(" =========== union获取失败！===========");
}
return unionid;
}
5. 获取小程序的unionId
//获取用户信息
String WX_ACCOUNT_GET_USER_UNIONID_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session";
/**
* 获取用户openId
* @param code
* @return
*/
private static HashMap<String, String> getUserOpenId(String code){
String requestUrl = WxConstants.WX_ACCOUNT_GET_USER_UNIONID_URL +"?grant_type="+WxConstants.CRM_GRANT_TYPE+"&appid="+WxConstants.CRM_APPID+"&secret="+WxConstants.CRM_SECRET+"&js_code="+code;
String result = MyHttpclientUtil.get(requestUrl);
com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject openIdResultObject = com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject.parseObject(result);
String openid = openIdResultObject.getString("openid");
String unionid = openIdResultObject.getString("unionid");
HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("openid",openid == null? null : openid);
map.put("unionid",unionid == null? null : unionid);
return map;
}
6. 小程序unionId和公众号的unionId，如果一致就是同一个小程序的用户，从而进行消息推送。
SELECT
pu.META_OPEN_ID openid
FROM
Meta_event_Msg mem
JOIN Meta_customer_Info mci ON (mci.Meta_customer_Info_Id = mem.Meta_customer_Info_Id AND mci.STATE = 'CREATE')
JOIN meta_wx_public_user pu ON ( mci.Meta_unionid = pu.META_UNIONID AND pu.META_SUBSCRIBE = '1' )
7. 选择消息模板，获取到模板id和公众号用户的openId进行消息推送。
public static void sendWxPublicContact(String openId,String msg){
String crmToken = getToken();
String url = WxConstants.WX_PUBLIC_SEND_MSG + "?access_token=" + crmToken;
HashMap<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<>();
paramMap.put("touser",openId); //用户的openId
paramMap.put("template_id",WxConstants.SENDCONTACT_TEMPLAT); //消息模板id
HashMap<Object, Object> valueMap = new HashMap<>();
valueMap.put("appid","wx418ba469d7c4c317"); //小程序appid
valueMap.put("pagepath","pages/contacts/contacts"); //小程序url
paramMap.put("miniprogram",valueMap); //小程序所需数据
HashMap<Object, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
HashMap<Object, Object> valueMap1 = new HashMap<>();
valueMap1.put("value","您好，您的友浪人脉联系提醒已完成！");
map.put("first",valueMap1); //日期
HashMap<Object, Object> valueMap2 = new HashMap<>();
valueMap2.put("value","人脉联系提醒服务");
map.put("keyword1",valueMap2); //服务项目
//消息推送时间
Date nowDate = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat timeSdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日 06:30");
HashMap<Object, Object> valueMap3 = new HashMap<>();
valueMap3.put("value",timeSdf.format(nowDate));
map.put("keyword2",valueMap3); //日期
HashMap<Object, Object> valueMap4 = new HashMap<>();
valueMap4.put("value",msg);
map.put("remark",valueMap4);//备注
paramMap.put("data",map);
String s = JSON.toJSONString(paramMap);
String jsonData = HttpclientPostUtil.getJsonData(s, url);
}
8. 消息推送后会发送推送状态xml数据包到服务器url,可以对发送状态进行数据存储。
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