Ceph集群部署(基于Luminous版)

环境

两个节点:ceph0、ceph1

ceph0: mon.a、mds、mgr、osd.0、osd.1
ceph1: mon.b、osd.2、osd.3

操作系统:ubuntu14.04 网络配置:

ceph1: 管理网络,eth0,192.168.31.100
       存储网络,eth1, 172.16.31.100
ceph2: 管理网络,eth0,192.168.31.101
       存储网络,eth1, 172.16.31.101

安装

root@:~# wget -q -O- 'https://download.ceph.com/keys/release.asc' | sudo apt-key add -
root@:~# echo deb http://download.ceph.com/debian-luminous/ $(lsb_release -sc) main | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ceph.list
root@:~# apt-get update && apt-get upgrade
root@:~# apt-get install ceph-mds ceph

部署mon

两台机器都部署mon: a、b

mon.a

配置:

[global]
max open files = 131072
fsid = a7f64266-0894-4f1e-a635-d0aeaca0e993
auth cluster required = cephx
auth service required = cephx
auth client required = cephx
osd pool default size = 3
osd pool default min size = 2
osd pool default pg num = 1024
osd pool default pgp num = 1024
osd crush chooseleaf type = 1
mon osd full ratio = .95
mon osd nearfull ratio = .85
public network = 192.168.31.0/24
cluster network = 172.168.31.0/24
[mon]
mon initial members = a
mon data = /var/lib/ceph/mon/$cluster-$id
mon allow pool delete = true
[mon.a]
host = ceph0
mon addr = 192.168.31.100:6789

为群集创建密钥环, 并生成monitor secret key:

root@:~# sudo -u ceph ceph-authtool --create-keyring /etc/ceph/ceph.mon.keyring --gen-key -n mon. --cap mon 'allow *'

生成管理员密钥环,生成client.admin用户并将该用户添加到密钥环:

root@:~#  sudo -u ceph ceph-authtool --create-keyring /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring --gen-key -n client.admin --cap mon 'allow *' --cap osd 'allow *' --cap mds 'allow *' --cap mgr 'allow *'

生成bootstrap-osd密钥环,生成一个client.bootstrap-osd用户并将该用户添加到密钥环:

root@:~#  sudo -u ceph ceph-authtool --create-keyring /var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/ceph.keyring --gen-key -n client.bootstrap-osd --cap mon 'profile bootstrap-osd' --cap mgr 'allow r'

将管理员密钥环、bootstrap-osd密钥环添加到ceph.mon.keyring:

root@:~#  sudo -u ceph ceph-authtool /etc/ceph/ceph.mon.keyring --import-keyring /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring 
root@:~#  sudo -u ceph ceph-authtool /etc/ceph/ceph.mon.keyring --import-keyring /var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/ceph.keyring

用规划好的主机名、对应IP地址、和 fsid 生成一个monitor map,并保存为 /etc/ceph/monmap:

root@:~#  sudo -u ceph monmaptool --create --add a 192.168.31.100 --fsid a7f64266-0894-4f1e-a635-d0aeaca0e993 /etc/ceph/monmap 

创建monitor数据目录:

root@:~#  sudo -u ceph mkdir /var/lib/ceph/mon/ceph-a

用monitor map和密钥环初始化数据:

root@:~# sudo -u ceph ceph-mon --cluster ceph --mkfs -i a --monmap /etc/ceph/monmap --keyring /etc/ceph/ceph.mon.keyring

启动mon.a:

root@:~# /etc/init.d/ceph start mon.a

mon.b

添加配置,并同步到新节点:

[mon]
mon initial members = a b
[mon.b]
host = ceph1
mon addr = 192.168.31.101:6789

/etc/ceph/monmap /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring /etc/ceph/ceph.mon.keyring 也一起同步到新节点 获取集群已有的mon.keyring:

root@:~# sudo -u ceph ceph auth get mon. -o /tmp/mon.keyring

获取集群已有的mon.map:

root@:~# sudo -u ceph ceph mon get map -o /tmp/mon.map

将/tmp/mon.keyring、/tmp/mon.map同步到新节点 新节点创建mon目录:

root@:~# sudo -u ceph mkdir /var/lib/ceph/mon/ceph-b 

用monitor map和密钥环初始化新节点mon数据:

root@:~# sudo -u ceph ceph-mon --cluster ceph --mkfs -i b --monmap /tmp/mon.map  --keyring /tmp/mon.keyring 

#或者
root@:~# sudo -u ceph ceph-mon --cluster ceph --mkfs -i b --monmap /etc/ceph/monmap  --keyring /etc/ceph/ceph.mon.keyring 

启动新节点:

root@:~# /etc/init.d/ceph start mon.b 

查看:

root@:~# ceph -s 
  services:
    mon: 2 daemons, quorum a,b

部署OSD

配置:

[osd.0]
host =  ceph0
devs = /dev/sdb1
public addr = 192.168.31.100
cluster addr = 172.16.31.100
[osd.1]
host =  ceph0
devs = /dev/sdc1
public addr = 192.168.31.100
cluster addr = 172.16.31.100
[osd.2]
host =  ceph1
devs = /dev/sdb1
public addr = 192.168.31.101
cluster addr = 172.16.31.101
[osd.3]
host =  ceph1
devs = /dev/sdc1
public addr = 192.168.31.101
cluster addr = 172.16.31.101

将配置文件同步到各个OSD节点,同时需要同步: /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring

/var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/ceph.keyring

/etc/ceph/ceph.mon.keyring

方法一:

每个节点都xfs格式化好硬盘并挂载并挂载到对应的OSD目录

root@ceph0:~# mkfs.xfs  /dev/sdb1 
root@ceph0:~# mkfs.xfs  /dev/sdc1 
root@ceph0:~# mkdir -p /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0/
root@ceph0:~# mkdir -p /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-1/
root@ceph0:~# mount /dev/sdb1 /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0/
root@ceph0:~# mount /dev/sdc1 /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-1/

部署osd.0 ps:无论osd在哪个节点上,ceph osd create都要在mon所在服务器上执行

root@ceph0:~# ceph osd create  
root@ceph0:~# ceph-osd -i 0 --mkfs --mkkey   
root@ceph0:~# ceph auth add osd.0 osd 'allow *' mon 'allow rwx' -i /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0/keyring 
root@ceph0:~# ceph osd crush add osd.0 0.2 root=default host=ceph1
root@ceph0:~# ceph-osd -i 0

同理部署其他osd ps: 不同服务器时,需先复制ceph.conf到对应服务器上

root@ceph0:~# ceph osd tree
ID WEIGHT  TYPE NAME      UP/DOWN REWEIGHT PRIMARY-AFFINITY 
-1 0.79999 root default                                     
-2 0.39999     host ceph1                                   
 0 0.20000         osd.0       up  1.00000          1.00000 
 1 0.20000         osd.1       up  1.00000          1.00000 
-3 0.39999     host ceph2                                   
 2 0.20000         osd.2       up  1.00000          1.00000 
 3 0.20000         osd.3       up  1.00000          1.00000 

方法二:

方法二直接参考自官网:https://docs.ceph.com/docs/master/install/manual-deployment/

为OSD生成UUID:

root@ceph0:~# UUID=$(uuidgen)

为OSD生成一个cephx密钥:

root@ceph0:~# OSD_SECRET=$(ceph-authtool --gen-print-key)

创建OSD:

root@ceph0:~# ID=$(echo "{\"cephx_secret\": \"$OSD_SECRET\"}" | \
   ceph osd new $UUID -i - \
   -n client.bootstrap-osd -k /var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/ceph.keyring)

创建OSD数据目录,并格式化挂载设备到数据目录

root@ceph0:~# mkdir /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-$ID
root@ceph0:~# mkfs.xfs /dev/${DEV}
root@ceph0:~# mount /dev/${DEV} /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-$ID

将秘钥写入OSD keyring文件:

root@ceph0:~# ceph-authtool --create-keyring /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-$ID/keyring \
     --name osd.$ID --add-key $OSD_SECRET

初始化OSD数据目录

root@ceph0:~# ceph-osd -i $ID --mkfs --osd-uuid $UUID
root@ceph0:~# chown -R ceph:ceph /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-$ID

启动OSD:

root@ceph0:~# ceph-osd -i $ID #或者:/etc/init.d/ceph start osd.$ID

查看:

root@ceph0:~# ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT  TYPE NAME      STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF 
-1       0.34639 root default                           
-2       0.24879     host ceph0                         
 0   hdd 0.20000         osd.0      up  1.00000 1.00000 
 1   hdd 0.04880         osd.1      up  1.00000 1.00000 
-5       0.09760     host ceph1                         
 2   hdd 0.04880         osd.2      up  1.00000 1.00000 
 3   hdd 0.04880         osd.3      up  1.00000 1.00000 

OSD应用:

创建存储池:

root@ceph0:~# rados mkpool database_pool

在该存储池里新建镜像:

root@ceph0r:~# rbd create database_pool/db0 --size 4096 --image-feature layering

映射到块设备中:

root@ceph0ter:~# rbd map database_pool/db0
/dev/rbd0
root@ceph0:~# rbd showmapped 
id pool          image snap device    
0  database_pool db0   -    /dev/rbd0 

格式化并挂载:

root@ceph0:~# mkfs.xfs /dev/rbd0 
root@ceph0:~# mount /dev/rbd0 /rbdfs

部署mgr

配置:

[mgr]
mgr modules = dashboard balancer
mgr data = /var/lib/ceph/mgr/$cluster-$id

创建mgr数据目录:

root@:~# sudo -u ceph mkdir -p /var/lib/ceph/mgr/ceph-m/

create an authentication key for your daemon:

root@:~# sudo -u ceph ceph auth get-or-create mgr.m  mon 'allow profile mgr' osd 'allow *' mds 'allow *' > /var/lib/ceph/mgr/ceph-m/keyring

启动mgr:

root@:~# ceph-mgr --cluster ceph  -i m

列出mgr module

root@:~# ceph mgr module ls
{
    "enabled_modules": [
        "balancer",
        "restful",
        "status"
    ],
    "disabled_modules": [
        "dashboard",
        "influx",
        "localpool",
        "prometheus",
        "selftest",
        "zabbix"
    ]
}

启用dashboard

root@:~#  ceph mgr module enable dashboard

列出由mgr模块提供的服务endpoint

root@:~# ceph mgr services
{
    "dashboard": "http://ceph0:7000/"
}

部署mds

配置:

[mds.m]
host = ceph0

创建mgs数据目录:

root@:~#  sudo -u ceph mkdir -p /var/lib/ceph/mds/ceph-m/

创建秘钥环:

root@:~#   ceph-authtool --create-keyring /var/lib/ceph/mds/ceph-m/keyring --gen-key -n mds.m

导入秘钥环:

root@:~# ceph auth add mds.m osd "allow rwx" mds "allow" mon "allow profile mds" -i /var/lib/ceph/mds/ceph-m/keyring

启动mds:

root@:~# ceph-mds --cluster ceph -i m -m 192.168.31.100:6789  

cephfs应用:

新建cephfs:

root@ceph0:~# ceph osd pool create cephfs_data 64
root@ceph0:~# ceph osd pool create cephfs_m 16
root@ceph0:~# ceph fs new mycephfs cephfs_m cephfs_data 
root@ceph0:~# ceph fs ls
name: mycephfs, metadata pool: cephfs_m, data pools: [cephfs_data ]

挂载:

root@ceph0:~# mount -t ceph 192.168.31.100:6789:/ /cephfs/ -o name=admin,secret=$(cat /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring  | grep -A1 "\[client.admin\]" | awk -F"[ =]+" '/key/{print $2}')

因为开启了cephx认证,所以mount需要添加-o name=admin,secret=xxxx进行认证,否者直接挂载会报如下错误:

root@ceph0:~# mount -t ceph 192.168.31.100:6789:/ /cephfs/
mount error 22 = Invalid argument
root@ceph0:~# dmesg | tail
[346660.559547] libceph: error -22 on auth protocol 2 init
[346660.560991] libceph: client24278 fsid a7f64266-0894-4f1e-a635-d0aeaca0e993

一些报错的解决

rbd: map failed: (110) Connection timed out:

root@ceph0:~# rbd map database-pool/db1 
rbd: sysfs write failed
In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try "dmesg | tail".
rbd: map failed: (110) Connection timed out
root@ceph0:~# dmesg | tail
[343915.358184] libceph: mon1 192.168.31.101:6789 feature set mismatch, my 106b84a842a42 < server's 40106b84a842a42, missing 400000000000000
[343915.363139] libceph: mon1 192.168.31.101:6789 missing required protocol features

解决:

root@ceph0:~# ceph osd pool set database-pool  hashpspool false  --yes-i-really-mean-it 
set pool 3 hashpspool to false
root@ceph0:~# 
root@ceph0:~# rbd map database-pool/db1                             
/dev/rbd0

参考链接:http://cephnotes.ksperis.com/blog/2014/01/21/feature-set-mismatch-error-on-ceph-kernel-client

另一种解决方式,用nbd:

root@ceph0:~# apt-get install rbd-nbd
root@ceph0:~# rbd-nbd map  db_pool/db0 
/dev/nbd0

参考链接: https://blog.csdn.net/ygtlovezf/article/details/79107755 https://www.jianshu.com/p/bb9d14bd897c

版权声明:程序员胖胖胖虎阿 发表于 2022年8月29日 下午4:32。
转载请注明:Ceph集群部署(基于Luminous版) | 胖虎的工具箱-编程导航

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